SCOTLAND
[pic]
[pic]
By: Alexey Kapitskiy
School № 1264
GRADE 10 “C”
Moscow
2003, May
Table of Contents:
1. Geographical Situation
2. The Land And Resources
3. Physiographic Regions
4. Rivers and Lakes
5. Climate
6. Plant and Animal Life
7. Natural Resources
8. Population
9. Population Characteristics
10. Principal Cities
11. Religion and Language
12. Education
13. Elementary and Secondary Schools
14. Universities and Collages
15. Government
16. Central Government
17. Legislature
18. Judiciary
19. Local Government and Political Parties
20. Economy
21. Agriculture
22. Forestry and Fishing
23. Mining and Manufacturing
24. Transportation and Communications
|Scotland, administrative division of the kingdom of Great Britain, |
|occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Scotland is |
|bounded on the north by the Atlantic Ocean; on the east by the North Sea; |
|on the southeast by England; on the south by Solway Firth, which partly |
|separates it from England, and by the Irish Sea; and on the west by North |
|Channel, which separates it from Ireland, and by the Atlantic Ocean. As a |
|geopolitical entity Scotland includes 186 nearby islands, a majority of |
|which are contained in three groups—namely, the Hebrides, also known as the|
|Western Islands, situated off the western coast; the Orkney Islands, |
|situated off the northeastern coast; and the Shetland Islands, situated |
|northeast of the Orkney Islands. The largest of the other islands is the |
|Island of Arran. The area, including the islands, is 78,772 sq km (30,414 |
|sq mi). Edinburgh (population, 1991, 421,213) is the capital of Scotland as|
|well as a major industrial area and seaport. |
|[pic] |
|The Land and Resources |
| |
|Scotland has a very irregular coastline. The western coast in particular is|
|deeply penetrated by numerous arms of the sea, most of which are narrow |
|submerged valleys, known locally as sea lochs, and by a number of broad |
|indentations, generally called firths. The principal firths are the Firth |
|of Lorne, the Firth of Clyde, and Solway Firth. The major indentations on |
|the eastern coast are Dornoch Firth, Moray Firth, the Firth of Tay, and the|
|Firth of Forth. Measured around the various firths and lochs, the coastline|
|of Scotland is about 3700 km (about 2300 mi) long. |
| |
|Physiographic Regions |
| |
|The terrain of Scotland is predominantly mountainous but may be divided |
|into three distinct regions, from north to south: the Highlands, the |
|Central Lowlands, and the Southern Uplands. More than one-half of the |